Small-Scale Waste-to-Energy Technology

Small-Scale Waste-to-Energy Technology

Small-scale waste incinerators use the heat from burning waste to generate steam, which then drives a steam turbine to generate electricity. The process consists of a combustion chamber (to burn the waste), a heat exchanger (to extract energy from the flue gases), a steam turbine, and a generator. Advanced systems also include air pollution control systems and can directly use heat to generate electricity using a thermoelectric generator.

1. Waste Combustion:

Incinerator: Waste such as municipal solid waste (MSW) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is fed into the combustion chamber.

Combustion: The waste is burned under controlled conditions, typically using a moving grate to ensure uniform exposure and complete combustion.

2. Heat Recovery:

Heat Exchanger: The hot flue gases generated during the combustion process pass through a heat exchanger (typically a recovery boiler).

Steam Generation: Water surrounding the pipes in the heat exchanger absorbs the heat, turning it into superheated steam.

3. Power Generation:

Steam Turbine: High-pressure steam drives a steam turbine.

Turbogenerator: The rotating turbine is connected to a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electricity.

4. Air Pollution Control (APC):

Flue Gas Treatment: The remaining flue gas passes through an air pollution control system to remove fine particulate matter (fly ash) and neutralize acid gases before being released into the atmosphere.

5. Low-Temperature Magnetic Pyrolysis Power Generation:

Thermoelectric Generator: The China Fireprint low-temperature magnetic pyrolysis furnace is a new generation of advanced pyrolysis and carbonization combustible gas power generation equipment. It connects a thermoelectric medium system to a heat source, and the generator converts the heat energy directly into electricity.